Brake pads and shoes are the sacrificial "friction" elements of a vehicle's braking system. They work by converting the vehicle's kinetic energy into heat through friction, which slows or stops the wheels from spinning. Brake Pads: Used in Disc Brake systems. They are flat steel plates with friction material on one side, positioned within a caliper that "squeezes" them against a rotating disc (rotor). Brake Shoes: Used in Drum Brake systems. These are crescent-shaped metal components that sit inside a drum. When the brakes are applied, they push outward against the inner surface of the drum to create stopping power.
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